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Targeted Content Standards and Benchmarks
National Science Education Standards and Benchmarks for Science Literacy: Project 2061
Science Process Standard
- Technology influences society through its products and processes. Technology influences the quality of life and the ways people act and interact. Technological changes are often accompanied by social, political, and economic changes that can be beneficial or detrimental to individuals and to society. Social needs, attitudes, and values influence the direction of technological development.
Science Content Standards:
- The total energy of the universe is constant. Energy can be transferred by collisions in chemical and nuclear reactions, by light waves and other radiations, and in many other ways. However, it can never be destroyed. As these transfers occur, the matter involved becomes steadily less ordered.
- Chemical reactions may release or consume energy. Some reactions such as the burning of fossil fuels release large amounts of energy by losing heat and by emitting light. Light can initiate many chemical reactions such as photosynthesis and the evolution of urban smog.
NCTM Standards:
- Formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect, organize, and display relevant data to answer them
Student Objectives
Students will be able to:
- Conduct research, using print and electronic resources, to collect statistical data on a subject
Math Objectives:
- Compute basic statistics and understand the distinction between a statistic and a parameter
- Understand histograms, parallel box plots, and scatter plots and use them to display data
- Understand the meaning of measurement data and categorical data, of univariate and bivariate data, and of the term variable
Science Objectives:
- Determine the range of the data and the mean and mode values of the data; plot the data; develop mathematical functions from the data; and look for anomalous data
- Understand that at times, environmental conditions are such that plants and marine organisms grow faster than decomposers can recycle them back to the environment, and that layers of energy-rich organic material have been gradually turned into great coal beds and oil pools by the pressure of the overlying earth
- Understand that by burning fossil fuels, people pass most of the stored energy back into the environment as heat, releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide
- Understand that a large number of important reactions involve the transfer of either electrons (oxidation/reduction reactions) or hydrogen ions (acid/base reactions) between reacting ions, molecules, or atoms
- Understand that in some reactions, chemical bonds are broken by heat or light to form very reactive radicals with electrons ready to form new bonds
- Understand that radical reactions control many processes, such as the presence of ozone and greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, burning and processing of fossil fuels, the formation of polymers, and explosions
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